Abstract: Currently, safety inducement and identification of emergency escape and escape area in highway long tunnel are poor, which increases traffic safety risk and affects escape efficiency. The tunnel sidewall is lightly coated, and a new wall marking technology to strengthen safety warning induction of emergency escape area is proposed. The design parameters of wall markings satisfying the visual recognition of drivers under dynamic driving conditions are obtained. The field application of wall markers is implemented in pedestrian crossing and emergency parking belt of the Yanglushan tunnel, and ten drivers are selected for real vehicle test. The driver′s gaze index data are obtained by using eye tracking instrument, and the effect of wall markers is evaluated based on the entropy of gaze and the characteristics of gaze transfer. The results show that when driving in the tunnel with wall markings: (1) The driver has a wider distribution of fixation points, a more average distribution of attention to each area, and a higher driving safety. (2) The driver pays more attention to the far and sidewall areas of the road, and the induction warning effect is better, which helps to improve the emergency escape efficiency.

Key words: highway long tunnel, wall sign, fixation characteristic, traffic safety, real vehicle test