Abstract: The anti-pull mechanical method for cross passages utilizes the soil on the non-excavated side to bear the reaction force generated during tunneling. Therefore, the magnitude of the soil foundation coefficient is critical to the structural stress and deformation of the tunnel. A three-dimensional load model of the main tunnel and cross passage is established using numerical simulation methods, and the reliability of the numerical calculation parameters is validated by comparison with the analytical solution based on the homogeneous circle method. The study analyzes control indicators, including concrete segments, composite segments, bolt bearing capacity, and structural deformation, to explore the matching relationship between the construction process of anti-pull mechanical cross passages and the foundation coefficient under different burial depths. The research findings indicate the following: (1) During construction, the reaction force generated by pipe jacking at the entrance reduces the bending moment of the composite segments on the excavation side and overall tunnel deformation, but significantly increases the local axial force of the composite segments, while having minimal impact on the internal forces of the concrete segments on the non-excavation side. (2) The maximum bending moment and longitudinal bolt shear force of the composite segments occur during the sleeve-cutting stage, whereas the maximum axial force occurs during cross-passage construction. (3) Based on the investigated structural parameters of the segments and the four proposed control indicators, allowable foundation coefficients of 25, 50, 55, and 70 MPa/m are recommended for burial depths of <20, 20－30, 30－40, and 40－50 m, respectively. Meanwhile, the grade of longitudinal bolts between the composite segment and the adjacent concrete segment should be enhanced. 

Key words: anti-pull mechanical construction of cross passages, numerical simulation, foundation coefficient, internal structural force, convergent deformation