Abstract:

Thestateoftheart of the application of bolting and shotcrete support structure system to European countries is introduced. The application and study of shotcrete permanent support in Norway, America, Japan and France are presented in detail. It shows that the bolting and shotcrete support structure system and complex lining support structure system are both available abroad. The author suggests that the above mentioned two support structure systems should be available in China as well; the bolting and shotcrete support structure system should be adopted in good surrounding rock conditions; and the complex lining support structure system should be adopt in bad surrounding rock conditions.

Key words: tunnel, mining method, bolting and shotcrete support, shotcrete, lining, primary support, permanent support