Abstract: To explore reasonable schemes for the evacuation platform of metro shield tunnels in scenarios such as fire, flood, and train section failure, a Pathfinder evacuation simulation model is established to evacuate 1 460 people from 6 B-type metro cars. First, the shortest evacuation time, evacuation completion time, and evacuation rules of personnel in the carriage are examined across four evacuation platform layout schemes. Subsequently, using the optimal "four-way passage" scheme as an example, the shortest evacuation time, evacuation completion time, and evacuation rules of personnel in the carriage across seven evacuation platform widths are studied. The results demonstrate the following: (1) Evacuation of carriage passengers occurs in three stages: rapid evacuation, slow evacuation, and personnel emptying. Evacuating passengers from the carriage is the most critical step in escaping danger and constitutes a large proportion of the entire evacuation time, necessitating the organization and guidance of passengers.  (2) The "four-way passage" structure adopted at the connection gallery can optimize communication between the evacuation platform and the track bed without interrupting the evacuation platform. Its double-layer functionality achieves evacuation through the lower track bed during fires and via the longitudinally connected upper evacuation platform during floods. (3) Increasing the width of the evacuation platform significantly reduces passenger evacuation time with minimal impact on evacuation completion time. The width of the evacuation platform below 1 100 mm has minimal impact on evacuation time. (4) Smooth design of the evacuation platform in connection galleries, track beds, civil air defense doors, flood prevention doors, and turnout areas is essential.

Key words: Pathfinder, metro shield tunnel, evacuation platform, evacuation platform scheme, evacuation platform width