Abstract: Traditional tunnel support systems present several disadvantages, including low mechanical efficiency, poor compatibility with mechanized construction, high carbon emissions from envelope design, and insufficient informatization and intelligence. To overcome these challenges, a comprehensive study is conducted on high-performance active support systems and their intelligent design by integrating theoretical analysis, field measurements, equipment research and development, and platform development. The following results are obtained: (1) A method for informationized and intelligent design based on the spatiotemporal effects of the support system is proposed, and a high-performance active support system featuring rock-anchor-shotcrete collaborative bearing is constructed with prestressed anchors and early- and high-strength shotcrete as core components. (2) An integrated intelligent perception method is proposed for rapidly collecting and integrating multi-source information, such as tunnel surrounding rock assessments during construction, process recordings, and support deformation monitoring, and an integrated intelligent perception device for this information is developed. (3) A novel intelligent design method for high-performance active support systems is proposed, driven by the fusion of big data analysis and physical models, and an intelligent digital platform for railway tunnels is developed. This platform facilitates the informatization and intelligence of the entire design and construction process for high-performance active support systems in railway tunnels.

Key words: railway tunnel, prestressed anchor, early- and high-strength shotcrete, high-performance active support system, intelligent design