The construction of long and large tunnels faces significant challenges in information transmission, including signal attenuation, electromagnetic interference, and poor adaptability to multi-source heterogeneous data. To address the diverse transmission needs of multi-dimensional data related to “human, equipment, and environment”, this study explores key technologies for information transmission in tunnel construction. First, the acquisition characteristics and transmission requirements of multi-dimensional data, highlighting the differences between the transmission requirements of detection and monitoring data, are analyzed. A hybrid networking architecture that innovatively combines a Gigabit Industrial Fiber Ring Network, WiFi6, and a Mesh Wireless Network is constructed. This includes an improved deployment scheme for base stations and antennas, with field tests validating the rationality of this deployment. A targeted technology system is developed to enhance transmission and mitigate interference, integrating dynamic spectrum sensing, machine learning-driven signal attenuation prediction, quantum relay and encryption, and seamless roaming via 802.11k/v/r. Furthermore, a converged communication system and multi-dimensional data storage module are developed. Field tests, conducted on a high-altitude railway ultra-long tunnel project, confirm the overall performance and engineering applicability of the proposed system. The results reveal the following: (1) an average network delay of ≤10 ms, a ring network fault self-healing recovery time of ≤35 ms, an effective transmission rate of approximately 300 Mbps at 500 m in the 5.8GHz band, a static positioning accuracy of ≤30 cm for personnel, and a dynamic vehicle tracking accuracy of ≤50 cm; (2) a transmission success rate of ≥99.99% for environmental monitoring data, a stable video surveillance frame rate of 25 fps, a voice intercom clarity rate of ≥95%, 100% wireless signal coverage in the tunnel, and a packet loss rate of ≤0.5% during mobile terminal handovers; and (3) significant improvements over traditional transmission methods, with an 80% reduction in system delay, a 65% decrease in network fault self-healing time, and a 200% increase in transmission rate. The proposed technology effectively addresses technical challenges such as long-distance transmission attenuation, electromagnetic interference, and communication disruptions in mobile terminals, enabling reliable and refined transmission of multi-dimensional data in tunnel construction involving “human, equipment, and environment”.