Abstract: Efficient lamp arrangement methodologies are essential for minimizing energy consumption in tunnel lighting systems. The authors present a MATLAB-based program that integrates tunnel lighting calculations with parameter optimization. The lighting calculation program computes the average output luminance, total uniformity, and longitudinal uniformity, which serve as indicators for evaluating lighting effectiveness based on input tunnel and lighting parameters. This approach enables the visualization of road brightness distribution. Three lamp layout configurations (central, symmetrical, and staggered) are evaluated by varying four parameters: lamp spacing, installation height, offset distance, and tilt angle. The effects of the lamp arrangement methodologies and parameters on tunnel lighting effectiveness are investigated. The results reveal the following: (1) Under identical total power and spacing conditions, the central layout achieves an average luminance that is 27.63% higher than that of the symmetrical layout but also shows a 44.60% reduction in total uniformity. (2) Average luminance is inversely related to lamp installation height and exhibits a nonlinear trend, initially increasing and then decreasing with changes in the lamp tilt angle. (3) A multi-objective framework based on a particle swarm optimization algorithm is applied to minimize total energy consumption. The optimized configuration results in a 17.88% reduction in total power consumption compared to the baseline setup while maintaining compliance with lighting standards. (4) Validation through DIALux simulations confirms the program′s effectiveness, with average illuminance errors of 4.41% and uniformity errors within the acceptable 10% tolerance, thus verifying the accuracy and reliability of the proposed methodology.

Key words: tunnel lighting, energy-saving optimization, MATLAB software, lamp parameters, particle swarm optimization algorithm