The development of TBM with high adaptability to complex geological conditions of Gaoligongshan Tunnel is very important. The main bad geological conditions of Gaoligongshan Tunnel are summarized; the construction risks, i.e. TBM jamming at softweak broken section and large deformation section, rockburst of tunnel face with high ground stress and behind shield, support failure induced by convergence squeezing deformation of surrounding rock, water gushing with high pressure and high temperature, are analyzed. Furthermore, design scheme of TBM with high adaptability are proposed, including support system design, cutting tool and cutterhead design, water gushing treatment design, high ground heat treatment design and other related design. The study results can provide reference for design and selection of equipment manufacturing of TBM with high adaptability to Gaoligongshan Tunnel.