破碎软岩斜井TBM开挖围岩稳定性及支护优化研究——以可可盖副斜井TBM掘进工程为例

doi:10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2023.11.012

隧道建设（中英文） ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (11): 1924-1934.DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2023.11.012

破碎软岩斜井TBM开挖围岩稳定性及支护优化研究——以可可盖副斜井TBM掘进工程为例

李安云1，张凯2, 3，徐金峰2, 3, *，谢雄耀2, 3，康元锋1

(1. 中铁十五局集团有限公司, 上海 200070； 2. 同济大学地下建筑与工程系，上海 200092；3. 同济大学岩土及地下工程教育部重点实验室，上海 200092)

出版日期:2023-11-20 发布日期:2023-12-08
作者简介:李安云(1979—)，男，安徽淮北人，2003年毕业于天津职业师范学院,自动化专业，本科，高级工程师，主要从事项目施工与管理方面的工作与研究。Email： anyunli@163.com。*通信作者：徐金峰， Email： 2731037881@qq.com。

Stability of Surrounding Rock and Support Optimization of a Broken SoftRockInclined Shaft Bored by Tunnel Boring Machine: A Case Study of Kekegai SubInclined Shaft

LI Anyun1, ZHANG Kai2, 3, XU Jinfeng2, 3, *, XIE Xiongyao2, 3, KANG Yuanfeng1

(1. China Railway 15th Bureau Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200070, China; 2. Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; 3. Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering, the Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)

Online:2023-11-20 Published:2023-12-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究TBM掘进斜井巷道时破碎软弱围岩损伤失稳机制及合理支护方案设计，以陕西榆林可可盖副斜井TBM掘进工程为研究对象，采用UDEC离散元模拟方法进行围岩稳定性分析，并针对无支护、锚网喷支护、锚网喷索支护、锚网喷索+钢带支护４种条件进行支护效果分析；基于数值结果提出支护优化方案并进行工程应用。结果表明： 1）TBM开挖巷道围岩失稳类型为由剪切塑性主导变形、由拉伸塑性控制破坏的“鹅蛋形”塑性破坏，需要及时采取支护手段； 2）锚杆、锚索、喷混凝土及钢带支护均可有效缓解围岩变形及破坏情况，“锚网喷索+钢带”支护效果最佳，相较于无支护方案，顶板位移降低50.9%，拉伸塑性面积减少99.85%。通过分析最终采用“锚网喷索”作为巷道支护方案，顶板冒落危险区域增设W形钢带加强支护。该支护方案可有效控制浅部围岩变形与深部围岩塑性拓展，实现对突发冒落的预控，最终成功应用于可可盖煤矿斜井施工。

关键词: 斜井, 敞开式TBM, 离散元分析, 破坏机制, 围岩损伤区, 支护优化

Abstract: The authors present a case study to investigate the damage and destabilization mechanisms of broken and soft surrounding rocks and provide a reasonable support scheme design for an inclined shaft bored using a tunnel boring machine(TBM). This study is conducted on the Kekegai subinclined shaft bored by a TBM in Yulin, China. A discreteelementsimulation software, UDEC, is employed to analyze the stability of the surrounding rocks as well as the support effects under four conditions: no support, anchornetwork shotcrete support, anchornetwork shotcrete cable support, and anchornetwork shotcrete cable + steel belt support. Based on the numerical results, a supportoptimization scheme is proposed and applied in practice. Accordingly, the following results are verified: (1) The rock destabilization in the TBM tunnel demonstrates ovalshaped plastic damage, which is dominated by shear plasticity and controlled by tensile plasticity, requiring the timely adoption of support means. (2) The anchor rod, anchor cable, shotcrete, and steel belt support can effectively limit the deformation and damage to the surrounding rocks. Therefore, the anchornetwork shotcrete cable + steel belt support exhibits the best support effect compared with all the other support types, with a reduction of 50.9% and 99.85% of the roof displacement and the tensile plastic area of the surrounding rocks, respectively, compared with those of the system without any support. The anchornetwork shotcrete cable scheme is finally used as the support solution, and a Wtype steel belt is added to strengthen the support in the roof area, which displays a falling risk. The adopted support scheme can effectively control the deformation of shallow surrounding rocks and plastic expansion of deep surrounding rocks, thereby achieving precontrol of sudden falls.

Key words: shaft, open tunnel boring machine, discrete element analysis, failure mechanism, surroundingrock damage zone, support optimization

李安云, 张凯, 徐金峰, 谢雄耀, 康元锋.

破碎软岩斜井TBM开挖围岩稳定性及支护优化研究——以可可盖副斜井TBM掘进工程为例 [J]. 隧道建设, 2023, 43(11): 1924-1934.

LI Anyun, ZHANG Kai, XU Jinfeng, XIE Xiongyao, KANG Yuanfeng. Stability of Surrounding Rock and Support Optimization of a Broken SoftRockInclined Shaft Bored by Tunnel Boring Machine: A Case Study of Kekegai SubInclined Shaft[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2023, 43(11): 1924-1934.

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破碎软岩斜井TBM开挖围岩稳定性及支护优化研究——以可可盖副斜井TBM掘进工程为例

Stability of Surrounding Rock and Support Optimization of a Broken SoftRockInclined Shaft Bored by Tunnel Boring Machine: A Case Study of Kekegai SubInclined Shaft

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