Abstract: Safe and rapid construction technologies for weak surrounding rock tunnels must be based on the mechanical characteristics and deformation laws of weak rock. Low strength, large deformation, long deformation course and rapid deformation velocity are the basic features of weak rock. For safe and rapid construction, excavation subdivision and footage should be selected according to the mechanical characteristics and deformation laws of weak rock. Advanced supporting for rock in front of the excavation face should be carried out according to the fact, and the construction principle of "advanced support, rapid excavation, rapid support, rapid closure" for weak surrounding rock tunnels should be observed in the construction of weak surrounding rock tunnels. 

Key words: tunnels, weak rock, mechanical characteristic, deformation laws, safe and rapid construction