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Progress in Shield Tunneling Technology for Urban Underground
Space in China
YI Guoliang, CHEN Kui, LU Gaoming, ZHOU Jianjun, FAN Wenchao
With the constant progress of science and technology,
tunnels constructed by shields are becoming increasingly prevalent in the
development of urban underground space. In this paper, the authors, on basis of
the characteristics of shield tunneling, explore the development and technological
innovations associated with shield tunneling; the authors summarize the latest
applications of shield tunneling in the construction of metros, municipal
roads, urban railways, urban water conveyance tunnels, and urban utility
tunnels. The authors address the technical challenges associated with tunnels
constructed by shields, including varying geological conditions, increasing
instances of river/sea crossings, diverse structural crosssections,
complex ground surface conditions, and the durability of the tunnel structures.
The authors present the technological innovations in shield tunneling,
including shields with extralarge diameter, replacing
cutters of largediameter slurry pressure balanced
(SPB) shields under atmospheric pressure, multimode
shields, construction of tunnels using quasirectangular
shields, construction of cross passages by mechanical method, shield tunneling
in ground containing very hard material and very weak material, earth pressure
balanced (EPB) shields for waterrich sand/gravel
strata, seismic mitigation/isolation and earthquakeresistant
design for tunnels constructed by shields in high seismic intensity areas, and
extralongdistance shield
tunneling. The authors also analyze the progress in intelligent shield tunneling
technologies, such as the identification of unfavorable geological conditions,
realtime perception of equipment status, synchronous
shield advancing and segment erecting, automatic shield driving technology, and
intelligent shield control platform. Additionally, the authors elaborate on the
trends of shield tunneling in the development of urban underground space, i.e.,
facilities such as metro tunnels, urban roads, utility tunnels, and urban water
supply and drainage systems shall be upgraded constantly and shall form
corresponding networks, which requires the constant progress of the shield
tunneling technology and the intelligentization of shield tunneling. The
authors also make prospects on the development trend of the shields:
diversified shields characterized by "multimode,
cutterfree operation, and suitability for
extraterrestrial space"; intelligent shields characterized by "multisource information perception, intelligent segment erection,
geological detection and prediction, and decisionmaking
based on autonomous perception during tunneling"; shields with extralarge diameters, shields for extralongdistance tunneling, shields for tunneling under extrathick covers, and shields for tunneling under extrahigh water pressures.
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