关键词: 公路隧道, 运营安全, 隧道疏散, 隧道救援

Abstract: The evacuation and rescue is a key problem in the operation of largediameter shield tunnel. First, based on the operation safety characteristics of tunnel, the characteristics of tunnel safety accidents and evacuation and rescue are analyzed. Second, through case analysis and data demonstration, the principles and standards of evacuation and rescue are preliminarily discussed, and the standards of evacuation time (no more than 6 min) and rescue time (no more than 15 min) are proposed. Recommendations are present from the aspects of fire fighting and control and medical rescue of highway tunnel, especially for those without clear rescue standards. Finally, the recommended principles and standards are applied to conduct a special evacuation and rescue scheme with a case study of extralong shield tunnel on east Liuhuan road in Beijing under construction based on theoretical research. The effectiveness of the scheme is verified using numerical simulation method. With the development of highway and urban roads, there will be more and more complex tunnels such as extralong tunnel, extrawide tunnel, and bifurcated tunnel, resulting in increasing pressure of tunnel operation, which demonstrates that safety design should be carried out from the perspective of management.

Key words: highway tunnel, operation safety, tunnel evacuation, tunnel rescue