隧道洞口段驾驶人眼滞后特性研究

doi:10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2019.07.003

隧道建设（中英文） ›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (7): 1090-1096.DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2019.07.003

隧道洞口段驾驶人眼滞后特性研究

潘国兵¹，牛茂钦^{1， *}，刘圳²，赵宁雨¹，李梦城¹, 李华蓉^{1， 3}

（1. 重庆交通大学土木工程学院，重庆 400074; 2. 重庆交通大学交通安全科技研究院有限公司，重庆 400074; 3. 重庆交通大学交通土建工程材料国家地方联合工程试验室，重庆 400074）

收稿日期:2018-11-08 修回日期:2019-05-07 出版日期:2019-07-20 发布日期:2019-07-31
作者简介:潘国兵（1976—），男，四川眉山人，2014年毕业于重庆交通大学，桥梁与隧道专业，博士，教授，主要从事隧道照明节能安全方面的研究工作。 Email： panguobing@163.com。 *通信作者：牛茂钦， Email： 15882471623nmq@sina.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（51878107，5167082166）；重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目（KJ1600530）；重庆交通大学交通土建工程材料国家地方联合工程试验开放基金项目（LHSYS-2016-011）

Visual Lag Characteristics of Drivers When Driving in Tunnel Portal Section

PAN Guobing¹, NIU Maoqin^{1, *}, LIU Zhen², ZHAO Ningyu¹, LI Mengcheng¹, LI Huarong^{1, 3}

(1. School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China; 2. Chongqing Jiaotong University Safety Science and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 400074, ; 3. ChinaNational and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Traffic and Civil Engineering Materials, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China)

Received:2018-11-08 Revised:2019-05-07 Online:2019-07-20 Published:2019-07-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究在隧道洞口段驾驶员出现视觉滞后对行车安全的影响，在大量调研的基础上建立室内试验模型，开展驾驶人在隧道行车过程中的视觉滞后试验，通过T检验分析数据增量的差异性，提出出现滞后的条件，并分析出现的原因。结果表明： 1）进入隧道，当亮度变化速率S趋于350 cd/m2·s时出现“认知滞后”，增加到约为400 cd/m2·s时出现“调节滞后”；驶出隧道，当S趋于400 cd/m2·s时出现“认知滞后”，增加到约为500 cd/m2·s时出现“调节滞后”。2）出现“认知滞后”时，对行车安全有一定影响；出现“调节滞后”时，对行车安全的影响更大。3）可采用通过减光设施延长驾驶人视觉适应时间、细化照明分级、无极调光等方法减缓亮度变化速率，来有效抑制滞后现象，提高行车安全。

关键词: 隧道洞口段, 瞳孔直径, 亮度变化速率, 调节滞后, 认知滞后

Abstract:

In order to explore the influence of visual lag occurs to drivers in tunnel portal section on driving safety, a laboratory test model is established based on a great deal of tunnel investigation, and the visual lag test is carried out on driver driving in tunnel. And then, the difference of data increment is analyzed by T tests, and the visual lag conditions and causes are analyzed and proposed. The results show that: (1) When driving into the tunnel, the cognition lag occurs when brightness variation rate reaches 350 cd/m2 · s, and the regulation lag occurs when brightness variation rate reaches about 400 cd/m2 · s; while, when driving out of the tunnel, the cognition lag occurs when brightness variation rate reaches 400 cd/m2 · s, and the regulation lag occurs when brightness variation rate reaches about 500 cd/m2 · s. (2) The cognition lag has a certain influence on driving safety, and the regulation lag has more adverse effects on driving safety. (3) Some methods， i.e. extending driver′s visual adaptation time by using dimming facilities, refining lighting grading and stepless dimming, are suggested to slow down the brightness variation rate, avoid the visual lag phenomenon and improve the driving safety.

Key words: tunnel portal section, pupil diameter, brightness variation rate, regulation lag, cognition lag

中图分类号:

U 45

潘国兵，牛茂钦，刘圳，赵宁雨，李梦城, 李华蓉. 隧道洞口段驾驶人眼滞后特性研究[J]. 隧道建设, 2019, 39(7): 1090-1096.

PAN Guobing, NIU Maoqin, LIU Zhen, ZHAO Ningyu,LI Mengcheng, LI Huarong. Visual Lag Characteristics of Drivers When Driving in Tunnel Portal Section[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2019, 39(7): 1090-1096.

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隧道洞口段驾驶人眼滞后特性研究

Visual Lag Characteristics of Drivers When Driving in Tunnel Portal Section

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