基于2.5D FEM-MFS的高铁盾构隧道车致振动传播机制及环境响应研究

doi:10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2025.07.003

隧道建设（中英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (7): 1260-1271.DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2025.07.003

基于2.5D FEM-MFS的高铁盾构隧道车致振动传播机制及环境响应研究

徐晨^{1, 2}, 肖明清^{1, 2}, 薛光桥^{1, 2}, 何应道^{1, 2}, 徐巍^{1, 2}, 王春晖^{3, 4, *}

（1. 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司，湖北武汉 430063； 2. 水下隧道技术国家地方联合工程研究中心，湖北武汉 430063； 3. 山东建筑大学土木工程学院，山东济南 250101；4. 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳）土木与环境工程学院，广东深圳 518067）

出版日期:2025-07-20 发布日期:2025-07-20
作者简介:徐晨（1992—），男，江苏沛县人，2017年毕业于西南交通大学，隧道与地下工程专业，硕士，高级工程师，现从事隧道及地下工程设计研究工作。 E-mail： 006341@crfsdi.com。*通信作者：王春晖， E-mail： wangchunhui23@sdjzu.edu.cn。

Propagation Mechanisms and Environmental Responses of Train-Induced Vibrations in High-Speed Railway Shield Tunnels: A 2.5-Dimensional Finite Element Method-Method of Fundamental Solutions Approach

XU Chen^{1, 2}, XIAO Mingqing^{1, 2}, XUE Guangqiao^{1, 2}, HE Yingdao^{1, 2}, XU Wei^{1, 2}, WANG Chunhui^{3, 4, *}

(1. China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430063, Hubei, China; 2. Subaqueous Tunnel Technology National Engineering Research Center, Wuhan 430063, Hubei, China; 3. School of Civil Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, Shandong, China; 4. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518067, Guangdong, China)

Online:2025-07-20 Published:2025-07-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为在城市密集区的高铁选线及环境振动评价提供理论依据，明确高铁盾构隧道车致振动对沿线环境的振动影响特征与规律，采用基于2.5D有限元-基本解方法（2.5D FEM-MFS）的车致环境振动预测模型，以设计车速为350 km/h、外径为13.8 m的高铁盾构隧道为研究对象，通过轮轨耦合动力学与波数域场耦合分析，揭示典型工况高铁盾构隧道车致振动振源及传播规律。研究结果表明： 1）高铁盾构隧道振动呈现显著的频段分化特征，30 Hz以下低频振动以围岩剪切波形式传播（波速为734 m/s），30~70 Hz频段为管片-围岩协同振动，80 Hz以上高频振动由管片弯曲波主导（波速为1 066 m/s或2 000 m/s）； 2）隧道内Z振级从轨道板处80.9 dB衰减至拱顶47.6 dB，隧道拱顶两侧因高阶振型出现55 dB局部放大； 3）地表振动呈现非单调空间衰减特性，存在局部振动放大现象，最大Z振级46.7 dB出现在距隧道中线32 m处，满足Ⅰ类振动功能区限值要求，最大速度为1.73 μm/s,满足VC-E级精密仪器容许标准； 4）与典型地铁环境振动工况相比，高铁盾构隧道内具有Z振级较低、地表环境振动高频分频振级较低，但随距离衰减缓慢的特征。

关键词: 高铁地下线, 盾构隧道, 环境振动, 2.5D有限元-基本解方法

Abstract: The characteristics and propagation mechanisms of train-induced vibrations in high-speed railway shield tunnels are critical for route selection and the assessment of vibration-induced environmental impacts in densely built urban areas. In this study, a train-induced vibration prediction model is established based on a 2.5-dimensional finite element method-method of fundamental solutions (2.5D FEM-MFS). Focusing on a 350 km/h high-speed railway shield tunnel with an external diameter of 13.8 m, wheel-rail coupling dynamics and wavenumber-domain field coupling analyses reveal the vibration source characteristics and propagation patterns under typical operational conditions. The primary findings are as follows: (1) Train-induced vibrations in high-speed railway shield tunnels exhibit distinct frequency-dependent propagation; components below 30 Hz primarily propagate as shear waves in the surrounding rock (734 m/s wave velocity), components within 30-70 Hz involve coupled vibration of the tunnel and soil, and components above 80 Hz are dominated by segment bending waves (1 066 m/s and 2 000 m/s). (2) The Z vibration level attenuates from 80.9 dB at the track slab to 47.6 dB at the crown, with localized amplification up to 55 dB at the sidewalls due to higher-order vibration modes. (3) Surface vibrations exhibit non-monotonic spatial attenuation with localized amplification, where the maximum Z vibration level of 46.1 dB occurs 43 m from the tunnel centerline (complying with Class Ⅰ vibration limits), and the maximum velocity of 1.73 μm/s meets VC-E criteria for precision instruments. (4) Compared to typical metro vibration conditions, high-speed railway shield tunnels exhibit lower internal Z vibration levels and reduced surface high-frequency band vibration levels, although the latter attenuates more gradually with distance.

Key words: high-speed railway underground lines, shield tunnels, environmental vibration, 2.5-dimensional finite element method-method of fundamental solutions

徐晨, 肖明清, 薛光桥, 何应道, 徐巍, 王春晖. 基于2.5D FEM-MFS的高铁盾构隧道车致振动传播机制及环境响应研究[J]. 隧道建设, 2025, 45(7): 1260-1271.

XU Chen, XIAO Mingqing, XUE Guangqiao, HE Yingdao, XU Wei, WANG Chunhui. Propagation Mechanisms and Environmental Responses of Train-Induced Vibrations in High-Speed Railway Shield Tunnels: A 2.5-Dimensional Finite Element Method-Method of Fundamental Solutions Approach[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2025, 45(7): 1260-1271.

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基于2.5D FEM-MFS的高铁盾构隧道车致振动传播机制及环境响应研究

Propagation Mechanisms and Environmental Responses of Train-Induced Vibrations in High-Speed Railway Shield Tunnels: A 2.5-Dimensional Finite Element Method-Method of Fundamental Solutions Approach

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